Git for Windows currently works with all recent, commercially released x64 versions of Windows, starting with Windows 8.1.

Git for Windows version 2.46.2 was the last version supporting Windows 7 and 8.

Git for Windows version 2.40.1 was the last version with full support for any 32-bit Windows version.

Git for Windows version 2.37.1 was the last version supporting Windows Vista and Server 2008.

Git for Windows version 2.10.0 was the last version supporting Windows XP and Server 2003.

Windows 7, 8, XP and Windows Server 2003 are long past their end of life, hence support for these versions was dropped from Git for Windows 2.47.0 and later. This limitation is inherited by Git’s use of MSYS2, which in turn inherited it from Cygwin (see this and this mail).

More information here: Git for Windows’ prerequisites.

https://gitforwindows.org/faq.html

What are the system prerequisites of TortoiseGit?
Windows 10 version 1607 or newer is required
last version compatible with Windows 7 (SP1) is 2.17.0
last version compatible with Vista (SP2) is 2.4.0

last version compatible with Windows XP is 1.8.16.0

https://tortoisegit.org/support/faq/#prerequisites